The role played by urban planners and architects in the development of modern Athens as well as the design of its most important buildings was marginal. This marginalization contributed to uncontrolled construction and the aesthetic downgrading of the urban landscape. Athens, however, never lacked for capable urban planners and gifted architects; rather the prerequisites for their creative activity were lacking, prerequisites that existed in other European cities. These unfavorable conditions give greater value to the struggle of true creators for architectural quality, and to their achievements and international honors. One of the objectives of this selection of buildings in Athens is to document the quality of the work of contemporary, and especially women architects, something difficult to perceive in the Greek capital’s chaotic landscape.